Background and Aim: Vaginal delivery and cesarean are two different methods of delivery. These two different conditions could affect the number and types of predominant white blood cells of mothers. This study is aim to assess and determine the number and types of white blood cells of mothers according to vaginal and elective cesarean.

Materials and Methods: That induced among pregnant women referred to Malayer hospital in Iran between 2011-2012. 30 pregnant women with vaginal, and 30 women with elective cesarean were selected as sample size simultaneously. The blood specimen of pregnant women was analysed by cell counter, sysmex model KX-21 before and after delivery. The data was analysed by SPSS Software using descriptive tests, analysis of variance, and multivariance analysis along with P< 0.05 as a significant level.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between increase of white blood cells count of two groups. The average of segmented Neutrophils of vaginal delivery group was significant increased in comparison with selective cesarean women.

Conclusion: Stress and physical pressure in vaginal delivery could affect the increase of white blood cells in comparison with cesarean delivery. Although, there is no evidence to approve the impression increased of predominant white blood cells on delivered mother and newborn at birth.