Background and Aim: Smoking can influence liver or heart enzymes. The main aim of this study is to determine the effects of cigarette or waterpipe smoke on serum level of alanine aminotransferase (SGOT) or aspartate aminotransferase (SGPT) in male rats.

 Materials and Methods: In this experimental laboratory study, 15 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control groups of 5, and animals were exposed to cigarette and waterpipe smoke. After 6 weeks, blood samples were collected using cardiac puncture method. Following serum collection, levels of SGOT or SGPT were measured by spectroscopy method. Data were statistically analyzed and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA.

 Results: Serum levels of SGPT significantly increased in rats exposed to waterpipe and cigarette smoke compared with control animals (P<0.05), but serum levels of SGOT significantly increased only in animals exposed to waterpipe smoke. There was not a significant difference between serum levels of SGOT or SGPT in rats exposed to waterpipe or cigarette smoke.

 Conclusion: Waterpipe smoke -- like cigarette smoke -- has pathophysiological effects on liver and heart, which appears in elevated serum levels of SGOT and SGPT.